I am fascinated by the duality of the word “representation”––how it can be defined as both the physical depiction of an object and in relation to diversity.
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is nerve damage associated with diabetes. It causes pain, tingling, numbness, and inability to feel injury in the feet and legs.
Over the years, scientists have disagreed over the exact biological mechanism behind DPN. However, new studies are beginning to shed some light on the answer. Most notably, Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes seem to be associated with different underlying DPN mechanisms and differing severity of the disease.
Type 1 is associated with axonal atrophy, also known as the “dying-back phenomenon.”
Dark skin is overwhelmingly unrepresented in depictions of the human body, especially in medical education. This lack of representation leaves doctors unequipped and patients of color improperly cared for.
Scoliosis is a condition where the spine curves sideways, ranging from a slight angle to a severe angle requiring surgery. The curve of the spine not only affects physical appearance and stature but can also impact the function of the internal organs.
Curves in the thoracic portion of the spine distort the chest and can cause bronchial obstruction and reduced lung volume. Non-surgical or surgical intervention can be used depending on the severity of the scoliosis and its impact on respiratory function.
Early diagnosis is key for the success of non-surgical intervention, like back braces. If not treated, scoliosis can worsen over time (1). A 2015 study found that Black adolescents are more likely than White adolescents to present with scoliosis requiring surgery. Researchers believe this disparity is due to the lack of access to scoliosis screening and preventative care in Black communities (2).